عالمی مالیاتی نظام اور اسلامی بینکاری کے مابین فرق کی وجوہات اور ان کے معاشی و سماجی اثرات : ایک تقابلی جائزہ

A Comparative Study of the Causes of Differences Between the Global Financial System and Islamic Banking and Their Economic and Social Impacts

Abstract

The global financial system and Islamic banking represent two economic systems based on different
theoretical foundations. The conventional global financial system is largely based on interest, loans, and
the principles of financial markets. In contrast, Islamic banking operates in accordance with the principles
of Islamic law (Shariah), emphasizing the avoidance of interest, profit-and-loss sharing, and a strong
connection with real economic activities. The fundamental differences between these two systems are
not limited to financial mechanisms; rather, their economic, social, and ethical impacts are also
significantly different.
The purpose of this research is to highlight the key reasons behind the differences between the global
financial system and Islamic banking and to analyze their economic impacts. The study finds that the
interest-based system often leads to the concentration of wealth, economic inequality, and a higher
likelihood of financial crises. On the other hand, Islamic banking promotes fair risk-sharing, real
investment, and the principles of social justice. Furthermore, the Islamic financial system can contribute
to sustainable economic development by linking financial activities with real production and trade.