سیاسی انتہا پسندی کا تدارک: اسلامی تعلیمات کے تناظر میں: Countering Political Extremism: A Study in the Light of Islamic Teachings

Hafiza Madeeha Zafar; Dr. Muhammad Amjad

Authors

Hafiza Madeeha Zafar PhD scholar Department of Islamic Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Dr. Muhammad Amjad Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

Keywords:

Political Extremism, Islamic Teachings, Tolerance, Moderation, Social Harmony, Qur’an and Sunnah, Political Stability, Peaceful Coexistence, Ethical Leadership, Pakistan

Abstract

Political extremism has emerged as one of the most serious challenges confronting contemporary societies, particularly in developing countries where political instability, ideological polarization, intolerance, and social injustice contribute significantly to societal unrest. Pakistan, being an ideologically driven state, has also experienced various manifestations of political extremism that have weakened national unity, democratic values, and social harmony. This study examines the causes and consequences of political extremism through the lens of Islamic teachings and explores the role of the Qur’an and Sunnah in establishing moderation, tolerance, justice, and peaceful coexistence.

The research highlights that Islam fundamentally promotes balance, wisdom, dialogue, forgiveness, patience, and respect for humanity. The Qur’anic principles of unity, justice, social harmony, and mutual consultation provide a comprehensive framework for preventing extremism and promoting political stability. Likewise, the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ serves as a practical model of patience, compassion, reconciliation, and ethical leadership even in situations of severe conflict and opposition.

This article further argues that political extremism cannot be eliminated merely through legal or political measures; rather, intellectual, moral, educational, and social reforms are equally necessary. The study emphasizes the importance of educational reforms, responsible media discourse, ethical political leadership, inter-sectarian harmony, and the promotion of Islamic values of moderation and tolerance in contemporary society.

The findings conclude that Islamic teachings offer a balanced and comprehensive solution to political extremism by nurturing social justice, unity, peaceful dialogue, and collective welfare. Implementing these principles in political and social structures can contribute significantly to sustainable peace, national integration, and ideological harmony.